Solar Help Center FAQ's Hub South Africa | Whitehouse Lighting

What is a solar power system?

A solar power system uses photovoltaic panels to generate DC electricity from sunlight. An inverter manages or converts that power for household or business use, while batteries can store energy for later. A hybrid system may combine solar, batteries and the grid; an off-grid system is designed to operate without normal grid support.

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What is a backup power system?

A backup system keeps selected loads running when the normal electricity supply fails. The common starting point is an inverter plus battery. Solar panels are optional: they can be added later to charge from sunlight and reduce grid energy use.

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Do I need solar panels to have backup power?

No. An inverter and battery can provide backup without panels by charging from the grid when power is available. If you expect to add panels later, choose an inverter, battery platform and protection layout that can expand cleanly.

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What is the difference between solar and backup power?

Backup power is mainly about continuity during an outage. Solar is about generating energy from sunlight. A system can provide backup without solar, solar savings with little backup, or both. The correct design depends on whether resilience, electricity savings or both are the priority.

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What is the difference between kW and kWh?

kW describes power — how much load is being supplied at a moment. kWh describes energy — how much electricity is used or stored over time. Inverter size is normally discussed in kW; battery storage is normally discussed in kWh.

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What does Ah mean on a battery?

Ah means amp-hours and describes electrical charge capacity. It is not enough on its own to compare home-storage batteries because voltage also matters. For solar storage, kWh is usually the clearer comparison because it expresses energy capacity.

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What is a hybrid solar system?

A hybrid system coordinates more than one energy source — typically solar panels, a battery and the grid. Depending on the inverter and settings, it can prioritise solar, charge batteries, supply backup loads, limit export and use the grid when required.

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What is an off-grid solar system?

An off-grid system is designed to operate independently of the normal utility supply. It usually needs enough PV generation, battery storage and system margin to cope with night use, poor weather and seasonal changes. It requires more careful design than a normal backup system.

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What is a grid-tied solar system?

A grid-tied system operates in parallel with the utility network. It can reduce imported electricity and, where authorised, may export surplus generation. A pure grid-tied system normally cannot provide backup during a grid outage unless the design includes suitable backup functionality.

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What should I decide before buying solar?

Start with four questions: what must stay on, how long it must stay on, how much electricity you use, and whether you want solar generation now or later. Then consider budget, roof space, supply phase, future expansion and local approval requirements.

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What size solar system do I need for my home?

House size alone is not enough. System sizing should consider peak simultaneous load, daily energy use, backup hours, high-power appliances, battery strategy, available roof area and future plans. A load-based recommendation is safer than choosing only by bedroom count.

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Can I start small and expand later?

Yes — if the first stage is chosen with expansion in mind. Check inverter PV limits, battery compatibility, communication requirements, protection, cable sizing and available physical space before buying. Planning the second stage early can prevent replacing core equipment later.

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Should I buy batteries or solar panels first?

Choose according to the problem you want to solve. For outage resilience, inverter-and-battery backup can come first. For reducing daytime grid consumption, panels may create more immediate savings. Many customers start with backup and add PV once the core system is proven.

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Is solar still useful when load shedding is not active?

Yes. Solar can reduce grid energy use, provide resilience during local outages and support business continuity. The financial case depends on your tariff, daytime consumption, system cost and how much generated energy you can use.

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Can solar completely eliminate my electricity bill?

Not automatically. Grid-connected customers may still have fixed or network charges and may import electricity during high demand or poor weather. Very low grid-energy use requires a system sized around the real load profile, but that is not the same as eliminating every account charge.

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Can Whitehouse help me choose a system?

Yes. Send the appliances you need powered, desired backup time, monthly electricity use, property location, supply phase, roof information and budget. Whitehouse can then help narrow the equipment or prepare a more tailored solar and backup-power enquiry.

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How much does a solar system cost in South Africa?

There is no single solar-system price because battery storage, panel quantity, inverter size, mounting, protection, DB work, cable routes and labour all change the total. Compare complete systems rather than only the inverter label. For a useful figure, start with a load-based quote.

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How much does a 5kW solar system cost?

A 5kW inverter is only one part of the total. A 5kW package can be battery-only backup, a small hybrid system or a larger PV-and-storage setup. Battery capacity, panel count and installation scope often change the price more than the inverter rating itself.

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How much does an 8kW solar system cost?

An 8kW system price depends on the battery bank, PV array, phase arrangement, protection and site work. An 8kW inverter with one battery is not equivalent to an 8kW package with large storage and a full PV array. Compare the full bill of materials.

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Why are solar quotations so different?

Quotes often include different battery capacities, panel models, mounting, surge protection, DB work, labour, compliance support and exclusions. Two quotes both labelled “5kW” can deliver very different runtime, PV production and installation quality.

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What should be included in a solar quotation?

Look for exact inverter, battery and panel models; quantities; mounting and protection; AC/DC cable work; DB changes; labour; testing; commissioning; warranty details; delivery; approval support where applicable; and clear exclusions. Avoid comparing only a headline package name.

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How do I compare two solar quotes fairly?

Normalise the comparison: inverter model and rating, usable battery capacity, panel wattage and count, protection, mounting, installation work, warranties, approval scope and total delivered price. If one quote omits necessary work, it may look cheaper without being equivalent.

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Why is solar installation sometimes expensive?

Installation cost rises with difficult roofs, long cable runs, DB reconstruction, three-phase work, multiple batteries, generator integration, trenching, high access requirements and compliance documentation. A simple inverter swap and a full hybrid retrofit are very different jobs.

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Is the cheapest solar quote usually the best?

Not necessarily. A low price can be legitimate, but check what has been excluded and whether the equipment, protection, installation and support are equivalent. A cheaper system that needs early replacement or redesign can cost more over its life.

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Should I buy the equipment myself or use a complete quote?

Buying equipment yourself can work when exact compatibility and installation requirements are already known. A complete quote is easier when the installer must take responsibility for sizing, protection, integration and commissioning. If you self-source, confirm models before ordering.

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How much does a lithium solar battery cost?

Battery price depends on capacity, voltage, BMS, communication support, warranty, brand and availability. Compare cost per usable kWh and compatibility with your inverter rather than only the sticker price.

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How much do solar panels cost?

Panel pricing varies by wattage, brand, technology, availability and freight. The panel price is only part of the array cost: rails, clamps, DC protection, cable, connectors and installation also matter.

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How much does an inverter cost?

Inverter pricing varies by power rating, hybrid capability, PV input limits, number of MPPTs, parallel capability, phase configuration, monitoring and brand support. Compare the exact model and what functions you actually need.

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What hidden costs should I allow for in a solar project?

Commonly missed items include mounting hardware, DC and AC protection, battery fuses or disconnectors, cable and lugs, DB changes, labels, transport, scaffolding, commissioning and approval-related work. A good quote should make these visible.

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Can I build a solar system in stages to spread the cost?

Yes. A common path is inverter plus battery first, then PV panels, then more storage if needed. The first stage should be selected around the final target so that later upgrades do not force unnecessary replacement of the inverter or protection.

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What information should I send for a personalised solar quote?

Send your location, supply phase, monthly electricity use, appliances to back up, desired runtime, existing inverter or battery details, roof type and available space, and your budget range. Photos of the DB and installation area can also help the initial assessment.

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Can Whitehouse quote equipment not shown on the website?

Yes, project requirements can extend beyond the current online catalogue. Whitehouse can source around a residential, guest-house or commercial brief, subject to supplier availability, model suitability and the final technical requirements.

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What does a solar inverter do?

The inverter is the control centre of most solar and backup systems. It converts DC energy from batteries or panels into usable AC power and, depending on the model, manages charging, grid input, PV production, export rules and battery communication.

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What size inverter do I need?

Size the inverter around the highest realistic simultaneous load, not only monthly electricity consumption. Include startup or surge requirements for motors and compressors. Then confirm battery discharge capability, PV limits and whether future loads will be added.

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Is a 5kW inverter enough for a normal home?

It can be enough for a well-managed essential-load system, but not for every home. A 5kW inverter does not mean every appliance can run together. Geysers, stoves, kettles, heaters, air-conditioners and pumps can quickly consume the available power.

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When should I consider an 8kW inverter?

Consider a larger inverter when the realistic simultaneous load exceeds a 5kW-class system, when more high-power circuits must remain available, or when the final PV and storage plan needs more capacity. Larger is not automatically better: battery and wiring must support it.

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What is a hybrid inverter?

A hybrid inverter can usually manage PV panels, batteries and the grid in one coordinated system. Features vary by exact model, so check backup output, MPPT limits, battery protocols, export control and generator support rather than relying on the word “hybrid” alone.

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What is MPPT on an inverter?

MPPT stands for maximum power point tracking. It allows the inverter to operate a PV string near the voltage and current point where the panels can produce the most useful power under changing sunlight and temperature.

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What is an inverter's surge rating?

Surge rating is the short-duration power an inverter can supply above its normal continuous rating. It matters for motors, pumps, compressors and some appliances with high startup current. The duration and allowed surge vary by model.

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Can an inverter work without a battery?

Some grid-tied and selected hybrid inverters can operate from PV and grid without a battery, but backup behaviour varies. If outage backup is required, confirm the exact model's battery and backup-output requirements.

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Can an inverter work without solar panels?

Yes. Many hybrid or backup inverters can charge a battery from the grid and provide backup without PV. Solar panels can be added later if the inverter has suitable PV inputs and the future array is designed within its limits.

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What does inverter bypass mode mean?

Bypass allows grid or generator power to feed loads through the inverter path without relying on battery inversion. Exact behaviour and limits vary by model. It is useful for maintenance and for supplying loads when the source is available.

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What does EPS or backup output mean?

EPS or backup output is the inverter output intended to keep selected circuits running when the grid fails. The allowable power, transfer behaviour and wiring arrangement depend on the inverter and installation design.

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Can two inverters be connected in parallel?

Only if the exact inverter model supports parallel operation and the installation follows the manufacturer's requirements. Parallel systems need correct communication, protection, cable symmetry and commissioning; two arbitrary inverters should not simply be joined together.

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What is a CT on a hybrid inverter?

A current transformer, or CT, measures current flow at a chosen point in the installation. Hybrid inverters use it for functions such as monitoring import/export and controlling zero-export behaviour. Direction and placement matter for accurate readings.

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Why does inverter phase matter?

Single-phase and three-phase properties require different design choices. A single-phase inverter cannot simply supply every three-phase load. Phase balance, meter arrangement, motors and local approval rules may affect the final system.

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Can a single-phase inverter be used on a three-phase property?

Sometimes it can serve selected single-phase circuits on one phase, but that is a site-specific electrical design decision. It does not automatically back up three-phase equipment or the whole property. A qualified person should assess phase balance and compliance.

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What is zero export on an inverter?

Zero export is a control mode intended to prevent the system from intentionally sending surplus PV energy into the grid. It normally relies on accurate metering or a CT. Zero-export operation does not automatically remove registration or approval requirements.

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What should I check before buying an inverter?

Check continuous power, surge capability, battery voltage and supported protocols, PV voltage/current limits, MPPT count, backup output, phase type, monitoring, parallel capability, approved-model requirements and local support. Exact model numbers matter.

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Can Whitehouse help compare Deye, Luxpower and other inverters?

Yes. The useful comparison is not only brand versus brand: it is exact model versus your load, battery, panel plan, phase, monitoring needs and approval requirements. Send the models you are considering and the system goal.

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What does 5.12kWh mean on a lithium battery?

It is the battery's nominal energy capacity. A 5.12kWh battery contains roughly 5.12 kilowatt-hours before allowing for usable depth of discharge, inverter losses, reserve settings and battery-management limits. Real usable AC energy is therefore lower than the nameplate figure.

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How long will a 5.12kWh battery last?

Runtime depends on the average load. A battery cannot be converted into one fixed number of hours without knowing how many watts the property is drawing. Higher loads shorten runtime quickly; solar generation during the day can extend it.

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How do I calculate battery runtime?

A useful estimate is usable battery energy in kWh divided by average load in kW. Then allow for inverter losses and reserve settings. Example: a 0.5kW average load will generally last much longer than a 2kW load on the same battery.

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How many batteries do I need?

Choose storage from the energy you need between charging opportunities, not only inverter size. List essential loads, estimate their average watts and multiply by the required hours. Then allow for usable depth, losses, reserve and future growth.

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Can I add another lithium battery later?

Often yes, but expansion should follow the battery manufacturer's rules. Check exact model compatibility, maximum parallel units, firmware, communication, state of charge before connection, cable arrangement and charge/discharge settings.

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Can I mix different lithium battery brands?

It is generally poor practice unless the manufacturers explicitly support the combination. Batteries can differ in voltage limits, BMS logic, communication and current capability even when the nominal voltage looks similar.

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Can I mix an old and new lithium battery?

Sometimes within the same approved battery family, but age, state of health, firmware and state of charge must be considered. Follow the manufacturer’s expansion procedure. Do not assume a new battery can be paralleled safely with any older unit.

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What is battery depth of discharge?

Depth of discharge describes how much of the stored energy is taken out before recharging. Deeper cycling generally uses more of the battery's capacity per cycle. The BMS and inverter settings should remain within the manufacturer's operating limits.

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What does 6000 cycles mean on a battery?

A cycle specification is a test-based life indicator, not a guarantee that the battery will last exactly 6000 days. Real life depends on depth of discharge, temperature, current, time at high state of charge and the manufacturer's warranty conditions.

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How long do lithium solar batteries last?

Lithium batteries age through both cycling and calendar time. Good temperature control, correct charge settings, sensible depth of discharge and compatible equipment all help. Use the manufacturer's warranty and cycle conditions for the exact product rather than a generic lifespan claim.

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What is a BMS?

A battery management system monitors and protects the battery cells. It can manage voltage, current, temperature and protection events, and many solar batteries also communicate operating limits and state information to the inverter.

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Why does the inverter need to communicate with the battery?

Communication lets a compatible battery tell the inverter important limits such as allowable charge and discharge current, alarms and state information. Without correct communication, the system may rely on manual voltage-based settings and can lose useful protection or accuracy.

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What is CAN vs RS485 for batteries?

CAN and RS485 are communication methods used by different battery and inverter platforms. The correct port, cable pinout and protocol must match both devices. They are not interchangeable simply because the connectors look similar.

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What is a master battery?

In a multi-battery bank, one battery may act as the communication master and report combined information to the inverter while other units operate as followers. The exact master/slave arrangement and DIP-switch settings depend on the battery family.

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Why is my battery SOC reading wrong?

Incorrect state of charge can come from lost BMS communication, wrong battery type or protocol, incomplete synchronisation, settings or a battery-management issue. Compare the inverter reading with the battery's own indicators or app before changing settings.

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Why does my battery stop at 20% or another reserve level?

Many systems keep a configured reserve to protect backup availability or battery life. Check inverter minimum-SOC, backup reserve and battery limits before assuming the battery has failed.

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Why is my battery not charging to 100%?

Possible causes include charge limits, time-of-use settings, insufficient PV, grid-charging rules, BMS limits, temperature protection or calibration. Check warnings and configured charge targets before changing voltages or currents.

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Why does my battery suddenly switch off?

A sudden shutdown can be a BMS protection event caused by low voltage, high current, temperature, cell imbalance or communication problems. Reduce load and check battery/inverter alarms. Repeated shutdowns need proper diagnosis rather than repeated resetting.

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Can a lithium battery be installed outside?

Only when the exact battery enclosure, IP rating, temperature limits and manufacturer instructions allow the location. Outdoor exposure adds heat, moisture, dust, security and weather risks. A protected, accessible location is usually preferable.

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Where should a lithium battery be installed?

Choose a dry, secure, accessible location within the manufacturer’s temperature and ventilation requirements, away from direct sun, water exposure and avoidable heat sources. The location must also allow safe cable routing and isolation.

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Do lithium batteries need ventilation?

Lithium batteries do not have the same routine gassing behaviour as traditional flooded lead-acid batteries, but the installation still needs to follow manufacturer spacing, temperature and ventilation instructions. Do not seal equipment into an unventilated hot cupboard.

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Can Whitehouse check whether a battery is compatible with my inverter?

Yes. Send the exact inverter model, battery model, current system configuration and, where possible, firmware or communication information. Compatibility should be confirmed by exact models rather than voltage alone.

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How many solar panels do I need?

Start with the energy you want to generate and the inverter's PV limits. Panel quantity is not chosen from inverter kW alone. Roof area, orientation, shade, panel wattage, string voltage, MPPT current and local weather all affect the final array.

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How many panels do I need for a 5kW inverter?

There is no universal number. A 5kW inverter can have different maximum PV power, MPPT voltage and input-current limits depending on the exact model. Use the inverter datasheet and the panel's Voc, Vmp, Isc and Imp to design the string.

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Can I put more than 5kW of panels on a 5kW inverter?

Many inverters allow a PV array larger than their AC output rating, but only within the manufacturer's maximum PV power, voltage and current limits. This can improve production outside peak conditions, while peak power may be clipped.

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What is a solar string?

A string is a group of solar panels electrically connected, usually in series, and fed into an inverter MPPT input. String design determines voltage and current, so panel count per string must stay inside the inverter's operating and absolute limits.

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Series vs parallel solar panels — what is the difference?

In series, panel voltages add while current is broadly limited by the string. In parallel, current adds while voltage stays similar. The correct arrangement depends on the inverter MPPT range, current limits, panel characteristics and shading.

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What is Voc on a solar panel?

Voc is open-circuit voltage: the panel voltage when no load is connected. It is important because series Voc rises with panel count and can increase in cold conditions. The string must remain below the inverter's maximum DC voltage.

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What is Vmp on a solar panel?

Vmp is the voltage near the panel's maximum-power operating point under specified conditions. String Vmp helps determine whether the array sits inside the inverter's MPPT operating range.

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What is Isc on a solar panel?

Isc is short-circuit current under specified test conditions. It is used when checking conductor, protection and inverter input-current limits. Do not use panel wattage alone for current design.

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What is Imp on a solar panel?

Imp is the current at the maximum-power operating point under specified conditions. It is different from Isc and is used with Vmp to describe the panel's rated maximum-power point.

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Why don't solar panels produce their full rated wattage all day?

Panel wattage is measured under standard test conditions. Real output changes with sunlight intensity, cell temperature, angle, shade, dirt, cable/inverter losses and clipping. Nameplate wattage is a reference, not a promise of constant output.

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Do solar panels work on cloudy days?

Yes, but output usually falls because less solar irradiance reaches the panels. How much depends on cloud thickness, array size and system conditions. A grid or battery source may cover the shortfall.

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Do solar panels work in winter?

Yes. Clear winter days can still produce useful energy, and cooler panel temperatures can help efficiency. Shorter days, seasonal sun angle and weather patterns may reduce total daily energy compared with stronger seasons.

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Which direction should solar panels face in South Africa?

North-facing arrays are a common starting point in the Southern Hemisphere, but east-west layouts can also be useful depending on roof geometry and when you consume electricity. Shade and usable roof area can matter more than chasing a perfect compass direction.

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What happens if a solar panel is shaded?

Shade can reduce the output of the affected panel and, depending on the string and bypass-diode behaviour, may reduce part of the string. Good design considers trees, chimneys, neighbouring roofs and seasonal shadow movement.

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Can I mix different solar panel wattages?

It can be possible, but mismatched electrical characteristics may reduce performance or complicate string design. Compare Voc, Vmp, Isc and Imp, not only watts. Separate MPPTs can sometimes help with different array groups.

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Can I add more solar panels later?

Yes if the inverter, MPPT inputs, roof, protection and original string design allow it. Check the new panel electrical characteristics against the existing array before mixing models.

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What is inverter clipping?

Clipping happens when available PV power exceeds what the inverter can convert or use at that moment. The output flattens at a limit. Occasional clipping can be normal in an intentionally oversized PV array.

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How often should solar panels be cleaned?

Clean only when dirt is materially affecting production and follow safe access practices. Frequency depends on dust, pollen, birds, roof angle and rainfall. Monitoring production trends can help determine whether cleaning is actually needed.

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Can I walk on solar panels?

Avoid it. Panels are not normal roof walkways and concentrated loading can damage glass, cells or seals. Use safe roof-access methods and keep maintenance work to appropriate personnel.

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How long do solar panels last?

Solar panels are long-life components, but output gradually degrades and warranties differ by manufacturer. Compare both product warranty and performance warranty for the exact model instead of assuming every panel has the same life.

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Can Whitehouse help check whether my panel string suits my inverter?

Yes. Send the exact inverter model, panel model, number of panels, how they are currently connected and your location. Final string design must stay within model-specific voltage and current limits.

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Where should an inverter be installed?

Choose a dry, secure, accessible location within the inverter manufacturer's temperature, clearance and ventilation requirements. Avoid direct sun, water exposure, excessive dust, unnecessary heat and cramped cupboards. The position should also allow sensible AC, battery and PV cable routes.

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Can an inverter be installed outside?

Only if the exact inverter enclosure and manufacturer instructions allow that environment. Outdoor installations need suitable ingress protection, shade, temperature control, security and cable entry. Do not assume an inverter is weatherproof because it is wall-mounted.

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Can an inverter be installed in a bedroom?

It may be technically possible for some equipment, but noise, heat, ventilation, access and emergency isolation make utility areas, garages or dedicated plant spaces more practical in many homes. Follow the exact manufacturer and electrical requirements.

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Can a battery and inverter be installed in a garage?

A garage is often practical if it is dry, secure, ventilated and within the equipment temperature limits. Protect equipment from vehicle impact, water ingress and direct heat, and keep clear access for isolation and service.

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Can solar equipment be installed in a cupboard?

Only if the enclosure provides the clearances, cooling and access required by the equipment manufacturer. A small sealed cupboard can trap heat and make isolation difficult. Never hide protection devices where they cannot be reached safely.

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What is an essential-load DB?

An essential-load distribution board separates circuits that should remain powered by the inverter from heavy or non-essential loads. It helps prevent the backup system from being overloaded and makes the installation easier to understand and manage.

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Do I need a separate DB for solar backup?

Not every installation uses the same arrangement, but many homes benefit from a clearly separated essential-load section or DB. The final approach depends on the existing board, inverter topology, circuits to be backed up and compliance requirements.

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Can the whole house be connected to the inverter?

Sometimes, but only when the inverter, battery and wiring are sized for the realistic simultaneous load and high-power appliances are controlled. Putting every circuit on backup without load management can lead to nuisance trips or rapid battery depletion.

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What appliances should normally stay off a small backup system?

High-power resistive and heating loads such as geysers, ovens, stoves and space heaters are common candidates to leave off smaller systems. Large air-conditioners, pumps and motors also need individual assessment because of startup current.

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What cable is used between battery and inverter?

Battery cables carry high DC current and must be sized for current, length, voltage drop, insulation, termination and protection. The correct size is model- and installation-specific. Do not select cable only from inverter kW.

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Why are battery cables so thick?

Low-voltage battery systems can carry very high current. Thick conductors reduce voltage drop and heating and help the protective device operate correctly. At around 48–51V, even a few kilowatts can mean well over 100A.

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What cable is used for solar panels?

PV cable must be suitable for DC solar use, voltage, current, environment, UV exposure and installation method. Conductor size also depends on string current, run length and voltage drop. Connectors and cable should be compatible and correctly crimped.

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What is a solar combiner box?

A combiner box groups one or more PV strings and can house DC protection or isolation such as fuses, breakers and surge protection. Whether it is needed and how it is configured depends on the number of strings and the inverter input arrangement.

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What is a battery disconnector?

A battery disconnector provides a means to isolate the battery circuit for service or emergency purposes. Its voltage and current rating must suit the battery bank and inverter. It does not replace correctly selected overcurrent protection where that is required.

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Do I need fuses between the battery and inverter?

Many battery systems require suitably rated overcurrent protection. The exact fuse or breaker type and rating must follow the battery, inverter, cable and manufacturer's design requirements. Do not copy another installation's fuse size without calculation.

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What is a changeover switch in a backup system?

A changeover switch allows selected circuits or the installation to be transferred between supply paths where the design requires it. The wiring, neutral arrangement and rating must suit the installation. It should be installed and labelled correctly.

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Why does solar installation need labels?

Labels help identify AC and DC isolators, multiple energy sources, inverter circuits, PV arrays and emergency shutdown points. Clear labelling supports safe operation, maintenance and inspection.

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What should happen during solar commissioning?

Commissioning should verify wiring, protection, polarity, insulation, earthing, inverter settings, battery communication, PV operation, backup transfer and monitoring. The customer should also receive basic operating instructions and relevant compliance documents.

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What photos should I send before asking for an installation quote?

Useful photos include the main DB with the cover closed and open only where safe, the proposed inverter/battery area, roof and roof access, meter or supply area, and the route between these locations. Never remove live covers yourself if you are not qualified.

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Can Whitehouse provide equipment for an installer I already use?

Yes. If you already have a qualified installer, Whitehouse can supply or source suitable equipment. It is best to have the installer confirm exact models, quantities and protection before ordering.

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Do solar systems need surge protection?

Surge protection is an important part of many solar installations because PV, inverter and grid circuits can be exposed to transient overvoltages. The exact AC and DC SPD types and placement depend on the installation, earthing system and risk assessment.

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What is the difference between AC and DC surge protection?

AC SPDs protect the AC side of the installation, while DC-rated SPDs are used on suitable PV DC circuits. They are not interchangeable. Device voltage rating, type, earthing and installation position must match the circuit.

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Does a surge protector stop direct lightning?

No device can guarantee protection from a direct lightning strike. SPDs are designed to limit certain transient overvoltages. A complete lightning and surge strategy may also involve earthing, bonding, external lightning protection and correct cable routing.

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Do solar panels need earthing?

Metal frames, mounting structures and electrical equipment may require bonding or earthing according to the installation design and applicable standards. The exact arrangement should be decided by the qualified person responsible for the installation.

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Can solar panels cause electric shock?

Yes. PV strings can produce hazardous DC voltage whenever exposed to light, even if the grid is off. DC arcs are also difficult to interrupt. Solar wiring should be treated as live and worked on only by competent persons.

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Can I switch off solar panels completely?

Most systems have DC isolation, but panels themselves continue generating voltage in daylight. Isolation disconnects the array from downstream equipment; it does not make illuminated panels electrically dead.

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What is an RCD or earth leakage device?

An RCD or earth-leakage device monitors imbalance between conductors and disconnects when leakage exceeds its design threshold. Correct selection and placement depend on inverter topology and circuit arrangement.

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Why does neutral and earth arrangement matter with inverters?

Backup inverters can change how the supply is referenced when the grid disappears. Incorrect neutral switching or bonding can prevent protective devices from operating correctly. This is a design and commissioning issue for qualified electrical personnel.

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Can a solar battery catch fire?

Any energy-storage system can fail if damaged, incorrectly installed or operated outside its limits. Use compatible equipment, correct protection, appropriate location and manufacturer instructions. Do not install damaged, swollen or water-exposed batteries.

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What should I do if a lithium battery smells, swells or becomes unusually hot?

Stop using the system if it can be isolated safely and keep people away from the equipment. Do not open the battery or repeatedly reset it. Contact the installer, supplier or emergency services where there is smoke, fire or immediate danger.

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Can water damage an inverter or battery?

Yes. Unless the exact equipment is rated for the exposure, water can damage insulation, electronics and battery systems and create a shock or fire risk. Equipment that has been flooded should not simply be powered back on without assessment.

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Should I turn my solar system off during a thunderstorm?

A properly designed system should already include appropriate protection, but severe weather can still cause damage. Follow the manufacturer's shutdown procedure if you have a specific reason to isolate the system. Never go onto a roof or handle outdoor electrical equipment during a storm.

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Why are DC breakers different from AC breakers?

DC arcs behave differently from AC arcs, so protective devices must be specifically rated for the DC voltage and current involved. Using an AC-only breaker on a PV DC circuit can be unsafe.

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Can I use any fuse on a solar PV string?

No. PV string protection must be selected for the array's current, maximum voltage, fault behaviour and manufacturer requirements. PV fuses are designed for solar DC applications and need compatible holders.

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Why is cable polarity important on solar DC?

PV and battery circuits have fixed polarity. Reversing positive and negative can damage equipment and create dangerous fault conditions. Polarity should be checked before connection and clearly identified.

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Who should work inside my inverter or DB?

Work on fixed electrical wiring, distribution boards and high-voltage DC should be undertaken by appropriately qualified or competent persons as required by the work. Customers should use the system controls provided for normal operation rather than opening equipment.

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What should I monitor on my solar system?

Useful daily indicators include battery state of charge, PV power and energy, grid import/export, load power, battery charge/discharge and active alarms. Trends matter more than one isolated reading.

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What does SOC mean?

SOC means state of charge: the estimated percentage of energy remaining in the battery. With compatible BMS communication it can be more reliable than a simple voltage estimate, but it is still an estimate rather than a laboratory measurement.

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Why is my solar producing less power than expected?

Check weather, time of day, shading, panel cleanliness, MPPT operation, inverter limits, string voltage/current and whether the battery or loads can accept more energy. Low output is not automatically a panel fault.

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Why is my PV power zero?

Possible causes include night-time conditions, PV isolator off, DC protection tripped, string fault, connector problem, inverter MPPT issue or voltage outside the operating range. Do not open live DC equipment yourself.

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Why does one MPPT show zero while the other works?

The affected input may have no connected string, insufficient voltage, an open circuit, tripped protection or a string fault. Compare string voltage and status in the inverter app, then have the DC side checked if the input should be active.

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Why does my inverter still use grid power when solar is available?

The inverter may be covering load peaks, maintaining battery reserve, following time-of-use rules, limiting battery discharge or operating in a configured grid-support mode. Small grid import can also occur because control is not instantaneous.

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Why is my battery not charging from solar?

Check whether PV power is available, battery SOC is already high, BMS charge current is limited, the inverter is in the correct operating mode and there are no alarms. Temperature or communication limits can also reduce charging.

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Why is my battery charging slowly?

Charging can be limited by available PV/grid power, inverter charger rating, battery BMS current, temperature, SOC, time-of-use settings or multiple batteries sharing current. Slow charging is not always a fault.

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Why is my battery discharging when the grid is on?

This may be intentional under self-use or time-of-use settings, or the system may be configured to minimise grid import. Check operating mode, reserve SOC and schedule before assuming a fault.

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Why is my battery not discharging?

The system may be at its minimum SOC, BMS discharge may be limited, the operating mode may prefer grid power, a schedule may block discharge or a battery alarm may be active.

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Why is my inverter beeping?

Beeping can indicate an alarm, warning, overload, low battery, source change or other condition depending on the model. Read the exact code on the display or app before resetting the inverter.

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Why does my inverter trip when I use a kettle or microwave?

The combined load may exceed the inverter's continuous or surge capability, especially if other appliances are already running. High-power appliances can consume a large share of a small inverter's capacity.

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Why does my inverter trip when a pump or fridge starts?

Motors and compressors can draw a brief startup current much higher than their running power. The inverter's surge capability, battery current limit and cable voltage drop all influence whether the load starts successfully.

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Why does my system switch to grid even though the battery is not empty?

The inverter may be configured with a minimum SOC or backup reserve, or the BMS may be limiting discharge. Time-of-use schedules and load power can also trigger grid support before the display reaches 0%.

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Why is my CT showing power backwards?

A CT installed in the wrong direction or on the wrong conductor can reverse import/export readings. The inverter setup may also need the correct CT orientation. Have the measurement arrangement checked before relying on export control.

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Why is my solar monitoring app offline?

Check whether the inverter itself is operating, whether the Wi-Fi or data logger has power, internet connectivity, router changes and server status. An offline app does not always mean the solar system has stopped working.

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Why are the inverter and battery percentages different?

The devices may be using different SOC calculations, especially when BMS communication is unavailable or recently restored. Check the battery protocol, communication status and whether the system needs time to resynchronise.

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What does a BMS communication error mean?

It means the expected data link between battery and inverter is not working correctly. Check the correct communication port, cable pinout, battery protocol, master settings, termination and supported model pairing.

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Can I reset a BMS fault myself?

Some warnings clear after the cause is removed, but repeated protection faults should not be reset blindly. Record the error, reduce load if safe, check the manual and contact the installer or supplier when the cause is unclear.

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Why does solar output fall on very hot days?

Solar-cell voltage and efficiency generally fall as cell temperature rises. Strong sunlight can still produce high energy overall, but a hot panel may produce less peak power than the same panel under cooler conditions.

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Why does my production graph have a flat top?

A flat production peak can indicate inverter clipping, export limitation, battery/full-load constraints or another configured cap. Compare the flat level with inverter and PV limits before assuming there is a fault.

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When should I call a technician instead of troubleshooting myself?

Call for help when there are repeated trips, burning smells, visible damage, water ingress, battery swelling or heat, persistent BMS faults, unexplained DC issues or any work requiring access to live wiring, DBs or PV circuits.

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Can a solar system run a geyser?

Yes, but a geyser is a high-power heating load and can consume battery energy very quickly. It is usually better managed during solar-production hours, on a timer or through a dedicated control strategy rather than treated as an unlimited backup load.

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Can a 5kW inverter run a geyser?

It may be able to run some geyser elements if the element power and all other simultaneous loads stay within the inverter limit, but that does not mean it is a good battery-backup load. Check element wattage and battery discharge capability.

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Can solar run an electric stove?

Some larger systems can supply selected stove loads, but stoves can draw several kilowatts and quickly use inverter and battery capacity. Induction and resistive cooking loads should be assessed as part of the whole load plan.

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Can solar run an oven?

Yes on a suitably sized system, but ovens are high-energy heating loads. They may be better used when solar production is strong rather than during battery-only backup. Check the oven's rated power and other loads.

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Can solar run a kettle?

Yes if the inverter has enough spare capacity, but a kettle often draws around 2kW or more for a short period. On a small inverter, using a kettle at the same time as other high-power appliances can cause an overload.

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Can solar run a microwave?

Usually on a suitably sized inverter, but the microwave's input power can be higher than the cooking wattage shown on the front. Check the electrical rating and the other loads running at the same time.

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Can solar run a refrigerator?

Yes. Refrigerators are common essential loads, but the compressor has a startup surge and cycles throughout the day. Use the actual appliance rating and allow for startup current when sizing smaller inverters.

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Can solar run a freezer?

Yes. A freezer is a common backup load, but compressor startup current matters. Runtime depends on the freezer's duty cycle, room temperature, insulation, battery capacity and the rest of the system load.

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Can solar run a washing machine?

Often yes on a suitably sized inverter, but water-heating cycles can increase power use significantly. Running the machine during strong solar production can reduce battery use.

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Can solar run a tumble dryer?

It can on a large enough system, but tumble dryers are usually heavy heating loads and can use battery energy very quickly. They are not normally a priority backup load.

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Can solar run an air conditioner?

Yes, but air-conditioner size, inverter technology, startup current and run time matter. A small efficient split unit is very different from multiple large units. Include air conditioning explicitly in the load assessment.

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Can solar run a pool pump?

Yes if the inverter can handle the motor's running and startup current. Pool pumps are good candidates for daytime scheduling because they can operate while PV production is available.

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Can solar run a borehole pump?

Yes with the correct design, but borehole pumps can have significant startup current and may be three-phase. Pump power, head, depth, control method and daily water requirement all matter.

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Can solar run a gate motor?

Yes. Gate motors are relatively short-duration loads, but the exact motor and any internal battery charger should be considered. They are commonly kept on essential backup circuits.

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Can solar run Wi-Fi and fibre?

Yes. Routers and fibre equipment usually have modest power requirements and are ideal essential loads. Small backup systems can often keep communications running for many hours.

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Can solar run CCTV and an alarm?

Yes. Security equipment is typically a priority backup load. Include cameras, recorder, monitor, network equipment, alarm panel and any electric-fence energiser in the total load.

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Can solar run a heater?

It can, but electric heaters are high-power resistive loads and can drain batteries rapidly. They are generally poor choices for small backup systems unless the system is specifically designed for them.

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Can solar run an iron?

Yes if the inverter has enough spare capacity, but an iron is a high-power heating appliance. Use it one at a time on smaller systems and preferably during good solar production.

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Can solar run a dishwasher?

Often yes on a suitably sized system, but water-heating stages can draw substantial power. Schedule it during daytime solar where practical.

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Can solar charge an electric vehicle?

Yes, but EV charging can be one of the largest household loads. Charger power, daily kilometres, solar production, supply phase and whether you want to charge from battery or surplus PV all affect the design.

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Can a 5kW inverter run my whole kitchen?

Not necessarily. A kettle, microwave, toaster, dishwasher and oven can together exceed 5kW very quickly. A 5kW system works best when high-power kitchen appliances are managed rather than all used simultaneously.

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How do I know which appliances can run together?

Add the input power of appliances that may operate at the same time and compare it with the inverter's continuous rating, while allowing for startup surges. Battery current limits also matter. A load schedule is often more useful than a simple appliance list.

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Can I add more batteries to my existing system?

Often yes if the battery family and inverter support expansion. Confirm maximum parallel units, model compatibility, communication, firmware, cabling and protection before adding storage.

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Can I add more panels to my existing solar system?

Yes if there is spare inverter PV capacity, MPPT voltage/current headroom, roof space and suitable protection. The new panels must be checked against the existing array before mixing.

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Can I upgrade from 5kW to 8kW later?

Yes, but it may require replacing the inverter and reviewing battery current, cable size, protection, DB arrangement and PV strings. Plan the final target early if you expect a major capacity increase.

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Can I keep my existing battery when changing inverter?

Possibly, if the new inverter supports the battery voltage, communication protocol and charge/discharge limits. Exact model compatibility should be confirmed before ordering the inverter.

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Can I keep my existing panels when changing inverter?

Usually, if their string voltage and current can be arranged within the new inverter's MPPT limits. Existing panel condition, connectors, cable and protection should also be inspected.

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Should I add battery storage or more panels first?

If you regularly have unused PV during the day and run out of battery at night, more storage may help. If the battery is rarely full because PV production is low, more panels may be the better first step. Monitoring data can guide the decision.

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What should I check before adding a second battery?

Check exact model, age, firmware, state of charge, manufacturer expansion procedure, master/slave settings, cable balance and protection. Do not connect a new battery to a live bank without following the correct procedure.

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What should I check before adding panels?

Check inverter maximum PV power, MPPT range, maximum DC voltage, input current, existing string design, new panel Voc/Vmp/Isc/Imp, roof layout and protection.

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Can I add a generator to my solar system later?

Many hybrid inverters support generator integration, but generator input quality, power rating, neutral/earth arrangement, charge current and automatic-start features vary by model. Confirm support before wiring.

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Can I add monitoring to an older system?

Often. Options include inverter Wi-Fi/logging modules, battery Bluetooth, external energy meters or a shunt, depending on the equipment. The best method depends on what data you need.

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Can I convert battery backup into full solar later?

Yes if the inverter has suitable PV inputs and the original installation can accept panels, DC protection and mounting. This is one of the simplest phased approaches when the core equipment was chosen for expansion.

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Can I expand toward off-grid operation over time?

Yes, but true off-grid capability requires more than adding batteries. You need enough generation for seasonal conditions, storage for poor-weather periods, load control and usually a backup strategy such as a generator.

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How can Whitehouse review my existing system before I upgrade?

Send the inverter and battery model numbers, panel count and model, photos of the DB and equipment, current problems, and what you want to add. That creates a much better starting point for an upgrade recommendation.

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Do I need to register my solar system in South Africa?

Grid-connected embedded-generation requirements depend on who supplies your electricity. Eskom-direct customers and municipal customers follow their supplier's current process. Grid-connected PV, including zero-export systems, generally requires registration or authorisation. Check the current rules before commissioning.

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What is SSEG?

SSEG means Small-Scale Embedded Generation: generation connected within a customer's electrical installation that operates in relation to the distribution network. Solar PV is the most common example.

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What is NRS 097?

NRS 097 is a South African grid-interconnection standard family used for small-scale embedded generation. For inverter approval, the exact inverter model and applicable type-test documentation matter — a brand name alone is not enough.

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What is a solar Certificate of Compliance?

A CoC confirms that the electrical installation covered by it complies with applicable electrical installation requirements. It is important for electrical safety, handover and often insurance or approval processes. It does not replace every other grid-connection document.

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Does a CoC mean my solar system is registered?

No. A CoC and grid registration or authorisation are separate matters. Your electricity supplier may require additional forms, approved inverter documentation and commissioning information.

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Does zero export mean I do not need to register?

Do not assume that. Zero export limits energy sent to the grid, but the system is still electrically connected to the network. Current Eskom and many municipal processes still require grid-connected systems to be registered or authorised.

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Does a battery-only inverter need approval?

Rules vary by electricity supplier and installation type. Some municipalities treat fixed inverter-and-battery systems connected to the DB as grid-tied applications even without PV. Check the current local process before installation.

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Do off-grid systems need registration?

This depends on the electricity supplier and what 'off-grid' means in practice. A truly isolated system is different from a property that remains connected to the grid. Municipal notification rules can also differ, so verify locally.

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Can I install an inverter that is not on an approved list?

For grid-connected systems, the exact inverter may need to appear on your electricity supplier's approved list or have acceptable type-test evidence. Approval is model-specific. Confirm before purchase if grid connection is planned.

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Who can sign off a solar installation?

Electrical work and sign-off must meet current South African legal and local-supplier requirements. The required registered person or professional involvement can depend on system size and municipality. Confirm the current process for the property.

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What documents should I keep after installation?

Keep the quotation, invoices, exact equipment model and serial records, warranties, electrical CoC, commissioning information, inverter approvals where applicable, single-line diagrams and any municipal or Eskom authorisation.

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Can I sell excess solar back to the grid?

Some electricity suppliers and municipalities have export or feed-in programmes, but tariffs, meters, approval and eligibility vary. Do not size extra PV for export until you understand the current rules and economics for your supply area.

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What is a bidirectional meter?

A bidirectional meter records energy flowing in both directions: imported from the grid and exported by an approved embedded-generation system. Whether one is required depends on the supplier and export arrangement.

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Can I install solar in a complex or sectional-title property?

Usually only with the required body-corporate or scheme approval and a clear arrangement for roof/common property, metering, insurance and maintenance. Electricity-supplier approval may still apply. Get written permission before committing to equipment.

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Why should I check local rules before buying an inverter?

Approval can be model-specific and requirements vary between Eskom and municipalities. Checking first reduces the risk of buying equipment that cannot be authorised for the planned grid-connected installation.

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How is business solar different from home solar?

Business systems are usually sized around operating hours, demand peaks, three-phase loads, refrigeration, motors, uptime and tariff structure. Daytime consumption can make PV particularly valuable because generation overlaps with trading hours.

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Can solar keep a shop trading during an outage?

Yes if essential circuits such as POS, Wi-Fi, lighting, CCTV and selected refrigeration are separated and sized correctly. The backup design should prioritise revenue-critical loads rather than trying to power every appliance.

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Can solar run commercial refrigeration?

Yes, but compressors have startup current and refrigeration may need long continuous runtime. Measure actual power and duty cycle, and include temperature-critical loads in the backup priority.

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Can a guest house run on solar?

Yes, but occupancy changes the load. Guest rooms, Wi-Fi, hot water, laundry, kitchen equipment, refrigeration, pumps and security need separate consideration. A guest-house system should protect guest experience without allowing uncontrolled heavy loads to drain storage.

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How should a guest house manage geysers on solar?

Hot water is a major energy load. Use timers, daylight heating, separate circuits or other hot-water strategies so geysers do not consume the battery bank at night unless the system was deliberately designed for that.

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Can solar power a factory?

Solar can offset significant daytime energy and provide selected backup, but factories often have three-phase motors, high starting currents and process-critical loads. A commercial load study is more appropriate than choosing a residential package.

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Can solar run workshop machinery?

Some machinery can run from inverter systems, but motors, welders, compressors and machine tools may have high surge current or power-quality requirements. Each major load should be checked individually.

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Can solar run a three-phase business?

Yes with the right architecture. Three-phase properties may use three-phase inverters or carefully designed phase-specific solutions. Phase balance and three-phase motors are key considerations.

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Is battery storage always necessary for business solar?

No. Businesses with strong daytime consumption may get substantial value from PV even with limited storage. Batteries add resilience and can shift energy, but the economics should be assessed against the actual outage and tariff requirement.

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How can a business reduce the size of the solar system it needs?

Start by separating essential from non-essential loads, improving efficiency, scheduling flexible loads into daylight hours and avoiding simultaneous peaks. Load management can reduce both inverter and battery requirements.

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What should a business send for a solar quote?

Send recent electricity bills, operating hours, supply phase, main breaker size, major equipment list, critical loads, desired backup time, roof or ground space, generator details and any expansion plans.

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Can Whitehouse source larger commercial equipment?

Yes. Commercial requirements may need equipment beyond the normal online catalogue. Whitehouse can source around the brief subject to technical suitability, supplier availability, freight and project requirements.

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Does Whitehouse help guest houses, offices, shops and factories?

Yes. Whitehouse supplies solar and backup-power equipment for homes and commercial requirements, including guest houses, shops, offices, workshops and factories. The system brief should reflect each site's actual loads and continuity needs.

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Can I go completely off-grid with solar?

Yes, but true off-grid design must cover energy through nights, poor-weather periods and seasonal changes without relying on normal grid support. It usually needs more PV, more storage, stricter load management and a backup plan than a normal hybrid system.

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How many batteries do I need to go off-grid?

There is no fixed number. Off-grid storage is based on daily energy use, desired autonomy, allowable depth of discharge, seasonal solar availability and backup strategy. Start with measured kWh per day.

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How many solar panels do I need to go off-grid?

Size the array to replace daily energy use during realistic seasonal conditions while also recharging storage after poor weather. Roof area, panel orientation and inverter charge limits all matter.

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Do I still need a generator if I have off-grid solar?

A generator is often valuable as backup for extended bad weather, unusually high demand or maintenance. It can reduce how much battery and PV oversizing is required for rare worst-case conditions.

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Can a generator charge my lithium batteries through the inverter?

Many hybrid inverters can use generator AC to supply loads and charge batteries, but generator voltage/frequency quality, inverter settings, charge current and neutral/earth arrangement must all be compatible.

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Can the inverter start a generator automatically?

Some inverter systems support generator dry-contact or automatic-start functions. The generator must also support the required remote-start interface. Confirm both sides before buying.

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What size generator should I use with an inverter?

The generator must cover the loads it is expected to supply plus any battery-charging demand, while staying within the inverter's generator-input limits. Motor starting and generator quality also matter.

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Can I connect any generator to a hybrid inverter?

No. The generator should provide stable voltage and frequency within the inverter's accepted range, and the installation must address switching, earthing and neutral arrangements. Some small or poor-quality generators may not be accepted reliably.

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Should I use generator power directly or charge the battery first?

It depends on the operating strategy. Often the generator can support loads while also charging the battery, then shut down once sufficient storage is restored. This can reduce generator runtime and fuel use.

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What is generator passthrough?

Generator passthrough or bypass allows generator power to feed loads through the inverter system while the inverter manages charging or transfer. Exact behaviour depends on the model.

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Can solar, grid, battery and generator all work together?

Yes on suitable hybrid equipment. The inverter can coordinate sources according to programmed priorities, but source switching, charge limits and generator controls must be commissioned correctly.

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Is off-grid cheaper than staying grid-connected?

Not necessarily. Off-grid systems need enough storage and generation for difficult periods, which can increase capital cost. Staying connected can provide a useful backup energy source even when grid consumption becomes very low.

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Can Whitehouse help plan a generator-plus-solar system?

Yes. Send the inverter model if already installed, generator size/model, critical loads, battery bank and desired operating logic. Integration should be checked before purchasing additional equipment.

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What is the difference between a product warranty and a performance warranty on solar panels?

A product warranty covers defects in the physical module for a stated period. A performance warranty describes the expected minimum output retention over time. Terms differ by manufacturer, so read both rather than treating “25-year warranty” as one blanket promise.

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What does a battery warranty usually depend on?

Battery warranties can include time, energy throughput, cycle conditions, temperature, depth of discharge, registration and approved installation requirements. Check the exact warranty document before purchase.

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What can void an inverter or battery warranty?

Common risks include incorrect installation, operating outside stated limits, incompatible equipment, unauthorised modifications, water damage or failure to follow registration/commissioning requirements. Exact exclusions are manufacturer-specific.

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Should I keep serial numbers for my solar equipment?

Yes. Keep model and serial records, invoices, commissioning documents and photos. They help with warranty claims, support, insurance and future expansion when exact equipment identification matters.

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Is solar equipment covered by home insurance?

It depends on the insurer and policy. Notify the insurer about a fixed solar installation and ask how panels, inverter, batteries, surge damage, theft and installation compliance are treated. Keep the CoC and invoices.

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Does insurance cover lightning damage to solar?

Coverage depends on the policy, cause of loss and installation. Insurers may ask about surge protection, compliance and maintenance. Do not assume lightning or surge damage is automatically covered.

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Are solar panels covered for hail damage?

This depends on the policy and the panel warranty. Product warranties generally do not replace property insurance for external weather damage. Ask your insurer specifically about hail and storm cover.

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Should I tell my insurer after installing solar?

Yes, it is sensible to disclose major fixed electrical equipment and confirm the cover. The insurer can tell you whether the sum insured or policy details need to change and what documents they require.

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What documents may an insurer ask for after a solar claim?

Common documents can include invoices, photos, model/serial details, electrical CoC, installer information, inspection reports and proof of the damaged equipment. Requirements vary by insurer.

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Can solar increase the value of a home?

A well-designed system can improve energy resilience and running costs, which may be attractive to buyers, but property value is market-specific. Keep all documentation so a future buyer can understand and verify the system.

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What happens to solar warranties if I sell the house?

Transfer rules vary by manufacturer and installer. Some warranties follow the equipment, others require registration or transfer. Check before sale and hand over invoices, serial records and manuals.

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Who owns solar equipment in a financed or rental arrangement?

Ownership depends on the finance, lease or rent-to-own contract. Read the agreement for ownership, early settlement, insurance, maintenance and what happens when the property is sold.

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What should I keep in a solar handover folder?

Keep the final quote, invoices, warranties, exact equipment list, serial numbers, manuals, electrical CoC, commissioning records, approval documents where applicable, single-line diagram and support contacts.

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What is the biggest mistake when buying solar?

Buying a package before understanding your loads. Start with what must run, how long it must run and what can be shifted to daytime. A large inverter with too little battery or PV can still disappoint.

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Why is choosing only by inverter size a mistake?

Inverter kW tells you power capacity, not backup duration or solar production. Battery kWh, PV array, surge capability and load management matter just as much.

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Why is buying too little battery a problem?

The inverter may handle the load but the battery can empty much sooner than expected. Storage should be based on energy over time, not only peak watts.

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Why is buying too many panels without checking MPPT limits dangerous?

A PV string can exceed inverter maximum DC voltage or input current even if total watts look reasonable. String design must use panel electrical data and inverter limits.

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Why is mixing random lithium batteries a bad idea?

Different batteries can have incompatible BMS communication, voltage windows, current limits and state-of-charge behaviour. Use manufacturer-approved combinations.

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Why is putting a lithium battery in a hot location a mistake?

High temperature can reduce battery life and may trigger protection. Direct sun, roof spaces and poorly ventilated cupboards are poor choices unless the equipment is specifically designed for them.

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Why is installing an inverter in direct sun a mistake?

Direct sun raises enclosure temperature and can cause derating or shorten component life. Follow the manufacturer's environmental and clearance requirements.

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Why is skipping surge protection a mistake?

Solar systems combine long outdoor DC wiring and sensitive electronics. Appropriate surge protection and earthing can reduce risk from transient overvoltages. It must be selected for the actual installation.

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Why is copying someone else's cable size a mistake?

Cable size depends on current, voltage, length, installation method and allowable voltage drop. Another system may have a different inverter, distance or protection.

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Why is backing up every circuit a mistake on a small system?

It makes accidental overloads more likely. Separating essential loads gives the customer clear limits and protects runtime from geysers, heaters, stoves and other heavy loads.

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Why is ignoring motor startup current a mistake?

A pump or compressor can draw several times its running power for a short time. A system that looks large enough from steady-state watts may still fail to start the motor.

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Why is ignoring future expansion a mistake?

You may later discover that the inverter has no spare MPPT capacity, the battery family cannot expand or the installation must be rebuilt. Decide the likely end-state before buying stage one.

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Why is buying an inverter before checking local approval a mistake?

Grid-connected approval can be model-specific. Buying first and checking later can leave you with equipment that is difficult or impossible to authorise for the intended installation.

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Why is relying only on an app screenshot a mistake when troubleshooting?

An app is useful but may not show wiring faults, loose connections, protection status or physical damage. Persistent faults need a complete diagnosis, not only a software reset.

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Why is choosing the cheapest quote without checking exclusions a mistake?

A low quote may exclude protection, mounting, DB work, compliance support, delivery or commissioning. Compare the same scope and exact equipment before deciding.

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